What is the main role of cooling in gas turbines?

The primary function of cooling in gas turbines is to prevent overheating, which can lead to material degradation. Gas turbines operate at extremely high temperatures, and without adequate cooling, the components—particularly the turbine blades and other critical parts—could experience thermal stress, warping, or even failure due to excessive heat. Effective cooling systems allow these turbines to maintain optimal operating temperatures, prolonging their service life and enhancing performance.

While fuel efficiency and air density might be influenced by operating conditions, the fundamental purpose of cooling is to safeguard the structural integrity of the turbine materials under high thermal loads. Aesthetic concerns and weight considerations do not directly relate to the engineering principles behind the cooling mechanisms in gas turbines.