What does Bernoulli's principle of convergence state?

Bernoulli's principle of convergence describes how fluid dynamics behave when there are changes in cross-sectional areas within a flow system. The principle states that as the cross-sectional area of a flow decreases (convergence), the velocity of the fluid increases while the pressure decreases. This relationship is a key part of the continuity equation and showcases the conservation of energy in a fluid flow.

In essence, as fluid moves through a narrower section, it must speed up to maintain mass flow rate, which inherently leads to a reduction in pressure due to the conversion of pressure energy into kinetic energy. This is fundamental in various applications, such as aerodynamics and hydraulics, where the manipulation of pressure and velocity is crucial for system design and functionality.

While other choices present concepts concerning pressure and volume, they do not encapsulate the specific relationship outlined by Bernoulli’s principle, which fundamentally links the decrease in pressure with the increase in velocity resulting from a decrease in the flow area.